Portugal and spain had colonial rule in South America
Portugal used to rule ( Brazil )
Spain used to rule ( neighboring countries of brazil )
Reformation of the Catholic church, new organizations, military force, and the Roman inquisition.
He disagreed that the church sell pardons for their sins hope this helps.
<span>Greeks lived in independent sity-states
like Athens, Sparta, Thebes and others. For a long time, there was
rivalry among these states that led to Spartan hegemony and then a short
lived Thebes hegemony.</span>