A. Urban II
These incursions prompted the emperor of Byzantium, Alexius I Comnenus to send a delegation to Piacenza, Italy, asking Pope Urban II in March 1095 for help against the Turks. On November 27, 1095, in Clermont, France, Pope Urban II called for a crusade to help the Byzantines and to free the city of Jerusalem.
The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and the Shining Path in Peru are both communist guerrilla groups. The FARC is a "guerrilla movement involved in the continuing Colombian armed conflict since 1964" and Shining Path is a "Maoist guerrilla insurgent organization in Peru."
