Answer:
represents the sample proportion of the population
Step-by-step explanation:
From the question we are told that
The sample size is n = 947
The proportion of the population that believes that the Yankees will miss the playoffs this year is 
From the question we are told the confidence level is 97%
The lower limit of the confidence level is a = 28%
The upper limit of the b = 42%
Generally the sample proportion of this population is mathematically represented as

=> 
=> 
Hence
represents the sample proportion
The diagonal is the hypotenuse of a right triangle with the sides of the square as legs.
By Pythagoras (s = side)
s^2 + s^2 = 15^2
2s^2 = 225
s^2 = 112.5
s = sqrt(112.5)
s = 10.6 cm (to the nearest tenth)
Step 1: 0.416 = 416⁄1000
Step 2: Simplify 416⁄1000 = 52⁄125