Figure 1: An image — an array or a matrix of pixels arranged in columns and rows.
In a (8-bit) greyscale image each picture element has an assigned intensity that
ranges from 0 to 255. A grey scale image is what people normally call a black and
white image, but the name emphasizes that such an image will also include many
shades of grey.
Figure 2: Each pixel has a value from 0 (black) to 255 (white). The possible range of the pixel
values depend on the colour depth of the image, here 8 bit = 256 tones or greyscales.
A normal greyscale image has 8 bit colour depth = 256 greyscales. A “true colour”
image has 24 bit colour depth = 8 x 8 x 8 bits = 256 x 256 x 256 colours = ~16
million colours.
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