In a newly fertilized egg, the vitelline layer lifts away from the egg and hardens to form a fertilization envelope.
Therefore, the correct answer is Option A.
<h3>What is vitelline layer?</h3>
- Vitelline layer or vitelline membrane (VM) is a structure that surrounds the outer surface of the plasma membrane of an egg or ovum. In some organisms (e.g.: birds), the vitelline layer surrounds the extracellular yolk and the ovum.
- It is multilayered and functions to protect and give shape to the egg yolk and separate it from the egg white.
- VM consists of protein fibers and protein receptors necessary for sperm binding.
- As its function is to provide support and protection to the yolk, after fertilization, the vitelline layer gets hardened and separated from the yolk to form fertilization envelope.
Learn more about fertilization in sea urchins here:
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Answer: Yes
It is possible to tell if the bacteria on the lb plate are ampicillin resistant just by looking at it because of the presence of colonies. This would indicate that ampicillin has lost its ability to effectively control or kill bacterial growth for it continues to multiply despite the presence of therapeutic level of ampicillin. Moreover, bacteria become resistant by gene mutation and by acquiring resistance from another bacterium through the widespread misuse of antibiotic.
Both aerobic and anaerobic respiration involve chemical reactions which take place in the cell to produce energy, which is needed for active processes. Aerobic respiration takes place in the mitochondria and requires oxygen and glucose, and produces carbon dioxide, water, and energy.
The "urinary system"is the group of organs on the body that filters out excess fluid and other substances from the bloodstream
Answer: The external submucosa I'd the layer of the alimentary canal that contain the blood vessels,glands and nerve plexus that help to regulate digestive activity.
Explanation:
The alimentary canal or gastrointestinal tracts is the organ in the body that helps to break down ingested food into pieces that can be absorbed by human body and expels unwanted food as wastes. The alimentary canal consists of structures from mouth to the anus. The alimentary canal have four distints layers which are the the mucosa, submucosa,muscular layer and serosa.
The mucosa is the inner layer of alimentary canal and it surrounds the lumen. This layer have direct contact with digested food.
The submucosa consists of dense connective tissues, blood vessers, glands and nerve plexus. It regulate digestive activity.
The muscular layer consists of inner circular layer and longitudinal circular layer. It prevents food from going backward.
The serosa is the external layer of the alimentary canal and iits have several connective tissues.
