Answer:
A - x = (k-c)/5
Step-by-step explanation:
To solve this problem, we would solve for x like we would in 2x = 6 :
5x + c = k
5x = k-c (subtract c from both sides)
x = k/5 - c/5 (divide 5 on both sides)
x = (k-c)/5 (simplify)
:)
Answer: air pressure
Whenever you hear things like "high pressure" or "low pressure" on weather reports, they measured the pressure using a barometer. Knowing the air pressure helps determine if there is a higher chance of rain or storms for instance.
Typically but not always, high pressure correlates to sunny days and dry weather. Low pressure often brings about rain. This is of course a very oversimplified viewpoint.
Distributionally robust stochastic programs with side information based on trimmings
This is a research paper whose authors are Adrián Esteban-Pérez and Juan M. Morales.
Abstract:
- We look at stochastic programmes that are conditional on some covariate information, where the only knowledge of the possible relationship between the unknown parameters and the covariates is a limited data sample of their joint distribution. We build a data-driven Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO) framework to hedge the decision against the inherent error in the process of inferring conditional information from limited joint data by leveraging the close relationship between the notion of trimmings of a probability measure and the partial mass transportation problem.
- We demonstrate that our technique is computationally as tractable as the usual (no side information) Wasserstein-metric-based DRO and provides performance guarantees. Furthermore, our DRO framework may be easily applied to data-driven decision-making issues involving tainted samples. Finally, using a single-item newsvendor problem and a portfolio allocation problem with side information, the theoretical findings are presented.
Conclusions:
- We used the relationship between probability reductions and partial mass transit in this study to give a straightforward, yet powerful and creative technique to expand the usual Wasserstein-metric-based DRO to the situation of conditional stochastic programming. In the process of inferring the conditional probability measure of the random parameters from a limited sample drawn from the genuine joint data-generating distribution, our technique generates judgments that are distributionally resilient to uncertainty. In a series of numerical tests based on the single-item newsvendor issue and a portfolio allocation problem, we proved that our strategy achieves much higher out-of-sample performance than several current options. We backed up these actual findings with theoretical analysis, demonstrating that our strategy had appealing performance guarantees.
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It should be noted that monetary policy simply means the policy that's adopted by the monetary authority in a country in order to control interest rates and the money supply.
<h3>
Monetary policy.</h3>
Your information is unclear but the clear and complete ones will be answered appropriately. The main monetary policies include the reserve requirement, open market operations, discount rate, and the interest on reserves.
It should be noted that a larger money supply leads to the reduction of the market interest rates. This makes it less expensive for consumers to borrow.
Also, a smaller money supply raises the market interest rates. Expansionary monetary policy leads to an increase in the money supply. This will lead to an increase in expenditure and therefore, the aggregate demand will shift to the right.
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This gives no information, how many of each were sold
