As far as I am concerned Gao was not one of the Songhay Empire's major ones but I bet two answers should be acceptable in this question. I also think that you can include the third option from the scale represented above because <span>Algiers were quite far away on north so they couldn't be the part of the Songhay. </span>
By branden kssab on 22 November 2013
Answer:
Trade unions in Africa have received a great deal of attention from various labour analysts, especially in regard to their contributions to the struggles against neoliberalism during the harsh time of structural adjustment programs. The kingdom of Swaziland (recently renamed as Eswatini) has constantly been faced with persistent labour unrests associated with increased demands for democratic openness (Simelane, 2016).
Locating trade union activism along these lines suggests that unions are neither delinked from the state nor regional or global institutions. Thus, as a way of consolidating their strategies, they make use of various public spaces, either at the local or international level to raise their grievances and issues. Like most of the civil society organisations, they can demonstrate leverage (capacity and power) to engage institutions at different geographical levels. This engagement shapes their strategies and practices as well as the various roles that trade union actors play in regional governance.