Gerrymandering is the dividing of a state, country, etc. into electoral districts so as to give one political party a majority in many districts while concentrating the voting strength of the other party into a few districts as possible.
The part in control uses it to control the voting district by “cracking” which means diluting the voting power of the opposing party’s supporters across an abundance of districts. Or use it as “packing” which means concentrating the opposing party’s voting power in one district to reduce their voting lower in other districts.
Immigrants ,White Americans ,And Freed Slaves
Although this is somewhat subjective, many would agree that the British were the most successful since they developed the colonies such as Virginia that had the highest GDP and export numbers.