Gerrymandering is the dividing of a state, country, etc. into electoral districts so as to give one political party a majority in many districts while concentrating the voting strength of the other party into a few districts as possible. The part in control uses it to control the voting district by “cracking” which means diluting the voting power of the opposing party’s supporters across an abundance of districts. Or use it as “packing” which means concentrating the opposing party’s voting power in one district to reduce their voting lower in other districts.
Alsace and Lorraine is a region between France and Germany in which there are more people of German ethnicity who were taken from France by Germany in the process of unification. This fact caused a feeling of revenge between the two countries and the region only returned to France after the Versailles treaty.