"<span>It led to a large number of causalities on both sides" would be the best option from the list, since the war still dragged on although now with far more men involved, meaning more deaths.</span>
The character of Count Dracula was inspired by Vlad III Dracula, better known as Vlad the Impaler.
Science challenged spiritual beliefs because science says we weren't on the earth since it's beginning but spiritual beliefs do.
The main complaint was that the Catholic Church sold indulgences. The extremely corrupt Catholic Church claimed that buying them would give you or a relative a free ticket out of Purgatory/Hell or at least lessen their sentence. Many people of the time disagreed with this because they believed that providence or actions alone determined your fate.