Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Cyprus, Jordan, Israel, Palestine, Egypt, as well as the southeastern fringe of Turkey and the western fringes of Iran. I hope this helps! I also hope its correct:)
The answer in the question provided is letter b, lack of
industrialization. It is because developing nation or country usually involves
of having industrial bases to be less develop than of the developed countries
in which lack industrialization is one of the things found in a developing
nation.
What do you need to know about it?