Epidermal layer containing the oldest cells

What is a diffusion through plasma membrane?

yan [13]

Diffusion is the movement of particles from a high concentration area to a low concentration area. Things that can go through a membrane are ions (charged), small polar molecules. Big molecules can't go through the membrane due to its large size and disrupting the membrane. Passive transport is the movement of substances acrpss the cell membrane w/o the use of energy. Active transport needs energy to move substances across a cell membrane.

7 0

3 years ago

Why is uncoating in an animal needed

kozerog [31]

Answer:

Since almost all DNA viruses replicate in the nucleus of infected cells, they must be targeted there. In many cases the entire nucleocapsid enters the nucleus, where uncoating then takes place. In order for new virus to be assembled, both new viral genomes and other virion components (proteins) must be produced.

Explanation:

8 0

3 years ago

Place the primers in the correct orientation and locations to amply this gene by pcr. if a primer does not belong in a particula

galina1969 [7]

DNA replication is the process of doubling a DNA double chain. In cells, DNA replication occurs before cell division. Prokaryotes continually replicate DNA. In eukaryotes, the timing of DNA replication is highly regulated, ie in the S phase of the cell cycle, before mitosis or meiosis I. The multiplication utilizes the DNA polymerase enzyme which helps form bonds between the nucleotides that make up the DNA polymer. The process of DNA replication can also be carried out in vitro in a process called a polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

<h2>Further Explanation </h2>

A slow strand (Lagging strand) is a DNA strand located on the opposite side of the leading strand on the replication fork. These strands are synthesized in segments called Okazaki fragments. In this string, primases form RNA primers. The DNA polymerase can thus use OH 3 'free groups in the RNA primer to synthesize DNA in the direction of 5' → 3 '. The primary RNA fragments are then removed (for example by RNase H and DNA Polymerase I) and new deoxyribonucleotides are added to fill the gaps that were previously occupied by RNA. DNA ligase then connects the Okazaki fragments so that the synthesis of lagging strands is complete.

Primers both on the steering strand and on the lagging strand will elongate with the help of Holoenzyme DNA polymerase III. This multisubunit complex is a dimer, half will work on the steering strand and the other half will work on lagging strands. Thus, the synthesis of the two strands will run at the same speed.

Each dimer part of the two strands consists of subunit a, which has the actual polymerase function, and subunit e, which has an editing function in the form of exonuclease 3'– 5 ’. In addition, there is a subunit b that attaches polymerase to DNA.

Once the primers in the remaining strand are removed by DNA polymerase III, they will be removed immediately and the gaps caused by the loss of the primer are filled with DNA polymerase I, which has 5 '- 3' polymerase activity, 5 '- 3' exonuclease, and editing 3 exonuclease '- 5'. Eksonuklease 5 '- 3' discard the primer, while the polymerase will fill the gap caused. Finally, the Okazaki fragments will be united by the DNA ligase enzyme. In vivo, the dimoenzyme DNA polymerase III and primosomes are believed to form large complexes called replisomes. With the replisom DNA synthesis will take place at 900 bp per second.

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DNA replication brainly.com/question/5932348

Details

Grade: College

Subject: Biology

keywords: DNA, RNA, replication.

4 0

4 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Annie wants to study the effect of glucose on bacterial colonies. She grows two colonies of bacteria—one with glucose present in

andrey2020 [161]

A. The following statements are hypotheses:
1. Glucose may cause an increase in bacterial growth.
2. Increased glucose may lead to capsule formation in bacteria.

B. The following statements are observations:
1. The bacterial colony grown without glucose do not have capsules around their cells.
2. Bacteria growth in the glucose environment increase rapidly and then stopped after sometime.

6 0

3 years ago

After arousal by a sensory stimulus, consciousness can be maintained by positive feedback, because of activity in the

KIM [24]

Answer:

This question lacks options, options are:

A) cerebral cortex.

B) basal nuclei.

C) sensory pathways.

D) motor pathways.

E) All of the answers are correct.

The correct answer is E.

Explanation:

The cerebral cortex processes and filters its information before passing the most relevant aspects to other regions of the brain. Some of these brain regions, in turn, send information back to the cortex. These loops, known as 'feedback systems', are considered essential for the functioning of cortical networks and their adaptation to new sensory information. Neural circuits must first assess the importance of incoming sensory information and then refine how it is processed in the future. Positive feedback, triggered with the purpose of amplifying the response to the initial stimulus, can be compared to a chain reaction or a vicious circle. Few are the functions regulated by this mechanism; rather it is triggered in pathological situations. It is the system by means of which the organism very rarely regulates any of the bodily functions under normal conditions, making the initial stimulus to be maintained and even increased. This type of mechanism is predominantly present in pathological situations: Its constitutive elements are: stimulus, receptor, afferent pathway, integrating center, efferent pathway, effector and response. The response does not have the ability to satisfy the initial stimulus.

6 0

3 years ago