The correct answer to this open question is the following.
It seems that there is no question here, just a statement.
What is your question? What do you want to know?
If this is a true or false question, the answer is "true."
It is true that the US has never experienced a period in which a single political party existed and there was little if any political conflict.
On the contrary, political parties have always existed in the history of the United States. First, it started with two political factions: Federalists with people like James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay; and Antifederalists with people like Thomas Jefferson or Samuel Adams.
Throughout the history of the United States, there have always been different political parties, but the dominant political forces have always been Republicans and Democrats, creating a bipartisan political system.
An important scientist at the time, besides, those who were mentioned was Copernicus - A.
Spartacus was just a slave general in the Roman republic.
Rousseau was a philosopher.
Plato was a philosopher as well.
The correct answer for that reason is Copernicus, he was an astronomer and a major figure at the time.
Confederate army won the battle of chickamauga by spreading the false information that Confederate General Braxton Bragg was retreating. This false information drove the Union Army of the Cumberland back into Chattanooga, Tennessee, from Chickamauga Creek where, after days of battle, Confederates were victorious.
I would assume the answer would be limited or restricted.