The bronze statues of animal heads of the twelve zodiac animals in the Old Summer Palace, also known as the Old Summer Palace an
imal heads, the red bronze animal heads of the Old Summer Palace and the Yuanmingyuan animal heads, were originally part of the fountain in front of the Haiyan Hall in the Yuanmingyuan Gardens of the Qing Dynasty. Designed by the painter Castiglione [1][2], it was built under the supervision of the French Jesuit priest Jiang Youren and made by the Qing court craftsmen. The fountain is called a hydraulic clock and a fountain for telling the time of the Chinese zodiac. 12 animal head figures in the image of the Chinese zodiac are arranged on both sides of the fountain in a figure eight. To the south are the mouse, the tiger, the dragon, the horse, the monkey and the monkey. Hugou, to the north are ugly cows, rabbits, snakes, sheeps, chickens, and pigs. The bronze statues of the Chinese zodiac will spray water in turn every day, and every hour, water will be sprayed from the mouth of the corresponding bronze statue of the animal head for two hours [3]. At 12 noon, the bronze statues of the heads of the Chinese zodiac will be sprayed with water at the same time
In 1860, during the Second Opium War, the British and French forces burned the Old Summer Palace and looted the heads of the Chinese zodiac animals and many other cultural relics in the Old Summer Palace.
Major Ferguson's Tory force, made up mostly of American Loyalists from South Pursued by the Patriots, Ferguson positioned his Tory force in defense of a rocky . After his death, some of his men tried to surrender, but they were slaughtered in .Logistical support was provided by other nations including France, Germany....
