Taking into account the definition of molarity, 14.028 grams of sodium chloride must be added to make 400 mL of a 0.600 M sodium chloride.
<h3>Definition of molarity</h3>
Molar concentration or molarity is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution and indicates the number of moles of solute that are dissolved in a given volume.
The molarity of a solution is calculated by dividing the moles of solute by the volume of the solution:
![Molarity=\frac{number of moles}{volume}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Molarity%3D%5Cfrac%7Bnumber%20of%20moles%7D%7Bvolume%7D)
Molarity is expressed in units
.
<h3>Moles of sodium chloride</h3>
In this case, you know:
- Molarity= 0.600 M
- number of moles= ?
- volume= 400 mL= 0.400 L (being 1000 mL= 1 L)
Replacing in the definition of molarity:
![0.600 M=\frac{number of moles}{0.400 L}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=0.600%20M%3D%5Cfrac%7Bnumber%20of%20moles%7D%7B0.400%20L%7D)
Solving:
number of moles= 0.600 M× 0.400 L
number of moles= 0.24 moles
<h3>Mass of sodium chloride</h3>
Being the molar mass of sodium chloride 58.45
, that is the amount of mass that a substance contains in one mole, the mass of sodium chloride can be calculated as:
0.24 moles×58.45
= 14.028 grams
Finally, 14.028 grams of sodium chloride must be added to make 400 mL of a 0.600 M sodium chloride.
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