Answer:
Hair cells are present inside the inner ear that acts as a receptor of sound. Researchers affirmed that once there is a damage to the hair cell, it can regenerate in birds.
Damage hair cell can lead to loud noise which in turn affect the ear. The supporting cells are present along with the hair cells. When the hair cells get damaged, the supporting hair cell gets the signal to start the process of regeneration.
I don’t know completely and I may be totally wrong but it might be natural selection…? I’m bad at biology Don’t get mad if it’s wrong ;-;
Complete question:
You will find the image of the skulls in the attached files.
Answer:
1) 2 similarities between each of the skulls might be the presence of the nasal spine, and the interdental space.
2) The size of the skull seems to be the most noticeable change in skull anatomy between the dawn horse and the modern horse.
Explanation:
- Each of the nasal bones in horses ends in a protuberance named "the nasal spine". These spines converge in the distal portion of the bone. These spines and the incisive bone delimitates the space called the naso-incisor notch. In the attached figure you will see the nasal bone in red and the nasal spines. This structure is present in all the skulls in the same position.
- The interdental space is the space left between the front teeth and the back teeth. It is useful to recognize a male from a female in modern horses. This space can be found in all the skulls. You will see it in blue in the image.
The biggest change in skulls between the dawn horse and the modern horse is the size. The skull keeps the original shape or very similar shape but varies in length and height.
The answer to this question would be: by producing buffer
The pH of optimal growth of bacteria might be different. Some bacteria can grow in an acid condition called acidophile, other live in base condition called alkaliphiles and the rest live in neutral pH condition called neutrophiles. The bacteria can maintain their internal pH by producing acid, base or buffer. If the surrounding pH is too acid, the bacteria can reduce the H+ concentration by producing base. If the condition is too alkali/base, the bacteria can produce acid by doing fermentation.