Question

Describe the transformation of f(x) = x4 represented by g(x) = (x + 1)4 + 3

Answer 1

Answer:

Horizontal shift by -1 OR Horizontal shift to the left by 1

Vertical shift by 3 OR Vertical shift up by 3

(both on the left or both on the right)

Step-by-step explanation:

First, identify what changed from f(x) to g(x), which is the + 1 inside of what's being raised to the 4th and the + 3 outside of it. Inside the parentheses means a horizontal shift to the left if positive and right if negative, while outside the parentheses means a vertical shift upwards if positive and downwards if negative. In this case, we have a +1 and a +3 respectively, giving the answer above. The differences are just matters of teacher preference; the one on the right is more basic while the one on the left is more advanced. If you can remember, do it how your teacher did it in class.