When you have to repeatedly take the same test, with constant probability of succeeding/failing, you have to use Bernoulli's distribution. It states that, if you take
tests with "succeeding" probability
, and you want to "succeed" k of those n times, the probability is

In your case, you have n=18 (the number of tests), and p=0.3 (the probability of succeeding). We want to succeed between 8 and 12 times, which means choosing k=8,9,10,11, or 12. For example, the probability of succeeding 8 times is

you can plug the different values of k to get the probabilities of succeeding 9, 10, 11 and 12 times, and your final answer will be

1)4
2)5
3)15
4)9
5)
The absolute value of a number describes its magnitude, or the distance a number is from zero when
placed on a number line
so |-2| = 2
You have 2 dollars and 80 cents
c.
more styrofoam is discarded than paper and plastic combined