Answer and Explanation:
<em><u>The number of observed individuals</u></em>:
<u><em>Total number of individuals, N</em></u>= 87 = 42 + 24 + 21
<u><em>Allelic frequencies</em></u>:
- f(p) = (2 x AA + AG)/ 2 x N
f (p)= (2 x 42 + 24) /2 x 87
f (p) = (84 + 24) / 174
f (p)= 108 / 174
f (p) = 0.62
- f (q) = (2 x GG + AG)/2 x N
f (q) = (2 x 21 + 24 )/2 x 87
f (q) = (42 + 24)/ 174
f (q) = 66/174
f (q) = 0.38
p + q = 1
0.62 + 0.38 = 1
<em><u>The expected genotypic frequency:</u></em>
- F (AG) = 2 x A x G = 2 x 0.62 x 0.38 = 0.4712
AA + AG + GG = 0.3844 + 0.4712 + 0.1444 = 1
<u><em>The number of expected individuals</em></u>:
AA= (0.62)² x 87 = 0.3844 x 87 = 33.44
AG= (0.4712) x 87 = 40.99
GG= (0.38)² x 87 = 12.563
<u><em>Total number of expected individuals</em></u> = 33.44 + 40.99 + 12.563 = 87
<u><em>Chi square</em></u>= sum (O-E)²/E
AA=(42 - 33.44) ² / 33.44
AA= 2.2
AB= (24 - 40.99)²/ 40.99
AB=7.04
BB= (21-12.563)²/12.563
BB= 5.66
<u><em>Chi square</em></u>= sum ((O-E)²/E) = 2.2 + 7.04 + 5.66 = 14.9
<u><em>Degrees of freedom</em></u> = genotypes - alleles = 3 - 1 = 2
p value less than 0.05
There is enough evidence to reject the nule hypothesis. The genotype frequencies are not in equilibrium.
I think the correct answer is b sorry if wrong
Basically the seed contains 2 parts, the testa, which is the seed coat that protects the seed and cotelydon, which is the inside of the seed, containing the radical and plumle.
for seed to germinate, we need 3 basic conditions,
warmth, it is the suitable temperature for seed germination, it can influence the activity of enzymes. providing a optimum temperature
water, to soften down the testa so that the shoot can break out from the testa
and oxygen, for aerobic respiration
.
If these conditions are absent, the seed may be in the state of dormancy. where is won't germinate until it meets the suitable conduction.
after that, the enzyme will digest the nutrient inside the seed and provide amino acid, which is necessary to seed germination. and meanwhile the aerobic respiration provides energy, so that the plumlecan shoot out, and be the shoot of the plant.
and then until it grows leaves, it'll start to complete photosynthesis, instead of using the nutrients inside the cotelydon.
Yeast is a prokaryote that is not bacteria
