In molecular biology, DNA replication is the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule. This process occurs in all living organisms and is the basis for biological inheritance. DNA is made up of a double helix of two complementary strands. During replication, these strands are separated. Each strand of the original DNA molecule then serves as a template for the production of its counterpart, a process referred to as semiconservative replication. Cellular proofreading and error-checking mechanisms ensure near perfect fidelity for DNA replication.[1][2]
In a cell, DNA replication begins at specific locations, or origins of replication, in the genome.[3] Unwinding of DNA at the origin and synthesis of new strands results in replication forks growing bi-directionally from the origin. A number of proteins are associated with the replication fork to help in the initiation and continuation of DNA synthesis. Most prominently, DNA polymerasesynthesizes the new strands by adding nucleotides that complement each (template) strand. DNA replication occurs during the S-stage of interphase.
DNA replication can also be performed in vitro (artificially, outside a cell). DNA polymerases isolated from cells and artificial DNA primers can be used to initiate DNA synthesis at known sequences in a template DNA molecule. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a common laboratory technique, cyclically applies such artificial synthesis to amplify a specific target DNA fragment from a pool of DNA.
Answer:
See Explanation
Explanation:
1. Clastic sedimentary rocks which is composed of fragments of preexisting rocks and minerals.
3. Formation of oxides takes place, except the noble gases Oxygen form oxides with all other elements. For example, oxide of hydrogen, silicon dioxide,etc.
6. Weathering is defined as the chemical and physical breakdown of rocks.
8. Acetic and citric acid dissolves calcite. However, it can also be dissolved by groundwater depending upon the factors such as temperature of water, pH value of water and concentration of ions dissolved.
10. Grinding away of rock with other rocks is called Abrasion. It is mainly caused by movement of wind and on surface stone or rocks against the surface of rock.
13. It is Chemical weathering which breaks down the rocks and also changes mineral composition of newly formed rock from it's parent rock.
14. These broken pieces of rocks are called sediments and word sedimentary is derived from sediments.
16. Soil is defined as the mixture of weathered rocks and organic material. Soil is produced from process of weathering and and natural erosion.
17. Rock forming minerals include fled-spars, calcite, quartz, mica, dolomite, etc.
A controlled atmosphere is a system where food technicians control and manage the volume of oxygen and carbon dioxide in an environment. It is an important step in production processes and quality.
Food technicians are professionals involved in the production processes of foods and product quality.
These professionals (food technicians) maintain devices and equipment used during food control processes.
A controlled atmosphere is an important process for maintaining proper conditions for many foods.
Learn more about food technicians here:
brainly.com/question/20837842
The menstrual cycle is complex and controlled by many different glands and the hormones that these glands produce.
The four(4) phases of the menstrual cycle are:
(1) menstruation.
(2) the follicular phase.
(3) ovulation .
(4)the luteal phase.
Common menstrual problems include heavy or painful periods and premenstrual syndrome (PMS).