Answer:
The correct answer is D. Baron de Montesquieu.
Explanation:
Montesquieu was a famous philosopher and author of the Enlightenment. His main work, The Spirit of the Law, is an extensive work that deals with many areas of law and compares the provisions of law in force in different countries in different eras. However, the work is best known for the fact that in it Montesquieu presents his doctrine of the three divisions of power, which has played a very important role in the development of the forms of government of Western democracies. Montesquieu considered the concentration of power to be the worst threat to civil liberties. His solution to this threat is the doctrine of the threefold division of power, according to which the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary had to be in the hands of different people.
I would say that Hakim calls the late 1800s an Age of Extremes because A. only extremely few people possessed significant wealth and power and B. there was an extremely large gap between the rich and the poor.
I don't think the poor were given those opportunities.
In general, "<span>d. an area free from warfare</span>" is not essential in building a new civilization, since in order to build a civilization in the first place you need a surplus of food and warfare is almost inevitable.
