Answer:
All these factors affect gene flow:
1. Differences in animal behavior and life history strategies can form effective barriers to gene flow.
2. The home range size of the specie can also serve as a barrier to gene flow.
Explanation:
Firstly, gene flow is the transfer of genetic traits from one population to another. It is an important process for transferring genetic variations from one population to another.
There are several barriers or factors that limit or increase this gene flow.
Gene flow can be affected by mobility or rate of dispersal. It is expected to be lower in species with low mobility which is the movement from one place to another or low dispersal and vice versa. So a population with a shorter home range size can't effective aid gene flow as they interact only with individuals of the same population and vice versa.
Gene flow barrier could be by physical barriers which is the isolation of a geographical location preventing them from exchanging genetic materials with the same species of the sane population.
This type of physical barrier is usually but not always natural.
Barrier to gene flow could be reproductive preventing transfer of genectic materials due to differences in mating period, season of birth and so on.
Another barrier could be difrerneces in customs, ethnicity, religion and clans.
All these factors affect gene flow but the 3rd and 4th option are not totally true as barriers to gene flow are not totally physical geographical barriers and not totally anatomical differences but also soil preference and other factors.
Thanks.
Answer: In Spanish
¿Cómo se vuelven resistentes las bacterias a los antibióticos?
R: Las bacterias pueden volverse resistentes a los antibióticos de varias maneras. Algunas bacterias pueden "neutralizar" un antibiótico cambiándolo de una manera que lo hace inofensivo. Otros han aprendido a bombear un antibiótico fuera de la bacteria antes de que pueda causar algún daño. Algunas bacterias pueden cambiar su estructura externa, por lo que el antibiótico no tiene forma de adherirse a la bacteria que está diseñada para matar.
Después de exponerse a los antibióticos, a veces una de las bacterias puede sobrevivir porque encontró una manera de resistir el antibiótico. Si incluso una bacteria se vuelve resistente a los antibióticos, puede multiplicarse y reemplazar todas las bacterias que fueron eliminadas. Eso significa que la exposición a los antibióticos proporciona una presión selectiva que hace que las bacterias sobrevivientes sean más propensas a ser resistentes. Las bacterias también pueden volverse resistentes a través de la mutación de su material genético.
Answer in English :
How do bacteria become resistant to antibiotics?
A: Bacteria can become resistant to antibiotics through several ways. Some bacteria can “neutralize” an antibiotic by changing it in a way that makes it harmless. Others have learned how to pump an antibiotic back outside of the bacteria before it can do any harm. Some bacteria can change their outer structure so the antibiotic has no way to attach to the bacteria it is designed to kill.
After being exposed to antibiotics, sometimes one of the bacteria can survive because it found a way to resist the antibiotic. If even one bacterium becomes resistant to antibiotics, it can then multiply and replace all the bacteria that were killed off. That means that exposure to antibiotics provides selective pressure making the surviving bacteria more likely to be resistant. Bacteria can also become resistant through mutation of their genetic material.
I don't know if this help you at all.
Answer:
I think the dugong since it's bigger
<span>The best place to test the pulse is just below the base of the thumb, on the wrist. This allows the person to continue their exercise while still being able to check the pulse rate and see if it has reached the level they are desiring.</span>
Answer:
Null Hypothesis -
The observed frequency is approximately equal to the expected frequency of phenotype.
Explanation:
Pure Breeding Cross - TTww x ttWW
Genotype of offspring in F2 generation - TtWw
Null Hypothesis -
The observed frequency is approximately equal to the expected frequency of phenotype.
The chi square analysis is attached
The degree of freedom for this question is 3
The p value for X^2 estimated through chi square test is 0.5
Hence the null hypothesis is accepted.
