Answer:
primary
Explanation:
Primary succession occurs when new land is formed or bare rock is exposed, providing a habitat that can be colonized for the first time. For example, primary succession may take place following the eruption of volcanoes, such as those on the Big Island of Hawaii. As lava flows into the ocean, new rock is formed.
The vector, which is often a small, circular piece of dna that can exist outside the bacterial chromosome, is known as a plasmid.
Bacteria and certain other microscopic species contain plasmids, which are tiny circular DNA molecules. Physically distinct from chromosomal DNA, plasmids multiply on their own. They normally contain only a few genes, including some linked to antibiotic resistance, and they can spread from one cell to another.
Recombinant DNA techniques are used by scientists to splice the genes they want to research into a plasmid. The inserted gene is duplicated along with the plasmid when it duplicates itself. Molecular cloning, the process of creating DNA molecules and introducing them into a host cell, uses plasmid vectors as the means of delivering recombinant DNA into the host cell.
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Replication Fork! Is the answer! Hope this helps!
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This drug inhibits the growth of bacterial cells but not human cells. This is an example of the selective toxicity of antibiotics.
Folic acid is an essential component for all cells to synthesize nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). Human cells do not synthesize folic acid and they take it through food. Bacterial cells are impermeable to folic acid and hence they need to synthesize their own folic acid.
Antibiotics target the metabolic pathway of folic acid synthesis in bacteria by inhibiting one of the enzymes in this pathway. These drugs are only toxic to bacteria but not to humans because humans do not have the folic acid synthesis pathway and hence they do not get affected by the action of the antibiotic. This is known as the selective toxicity of antibiotics.
These antibiotics are designed in a way to target the infecting agent (bacteria) while rendering minimal or no toxicity to the host (humans).
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