The Federalists, primarily led by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay, believed that establishing a large national government was not only possible, but necessary to “create a more perfect union” by improving the relationship among the states. Until this point, the common belief was that a republic could only function efficiently it was small and localized. The Federalists challenged this belief and claimed that a strong national republic would better preserve the individual liberties of the people. By extending the sphere of the republic, individual and minority rights would be better protected from infringement by a majority. The federalists also wanted to preserve the sovereignty and structure of the states.
I believe the correct answer would be C. A presidential appointment is confirmed by the Senate. This can be seen under the Appointments Clause of the United States Constitution where it says the certain federal positions that are appointed by the president of the US should be confirmed by the US Senate.
There are many ways in which this was the case, but in general a theocracy was different from a government run by warrior-kings in that there was only one voice: that of God.
B. Flooding from monsoons