The correct answer is: [B]: "decreased" .
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<u>Note</u>:
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In a graph of "coal reserves in the United States" vs. "time" ;
→ the "time" is the "independent variable" that belongs on the "x-axis" .
→ The quantity or amount of "coal reserves in the United States" is the "dependent variable" that belongs on the "y-axis" .
If the graph "slopes downward" ; this would indicate a "decrease" in the amount/quantity of "coal reserves" over "time" .
→ As the value of "x" increases — "time" increases — and; as "x" increases, the value of "y" {the amount/quantity of "coal reserves"} decreases.
→ This would be represented by a "downward sloping" graph;
→ and, among the answer choices given, could indicate that coal production:
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→ "decreased" ;
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→ which is: Answer choice: [B]: "decreased" .
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To make a compound more stable at storage temperature.
Answer:
Punnett Squares are unable to predict the offspring of an asexual organism because there is only one parent from which the offspring can receive genes from. The whole point of a Punnett Square is the fact that it covers all possible offspring outcomes besides mutations from the usual two parents.
Human monoclonal antibody (mAbs) are emerging in the field of cancer therapy and have become an increasing proportion of new drugs that are recently approved. Although there are some methods to obtain antigen-specific mAbs from human B cells, it is generally impossible to directly immunize human beings with antigens of interest. For example, for infectious agents, those approaches are largely restricted. To solve these obstacles, two main approaches have been developed; either by humanizing antigen-specific antibodies from small experimental animals (which is laborious due to the great genetic differences from humans) or rely on the in vitro selection of antigen-specific binders from human antibody repertoires. However, the human mAbs developed by these methods are usually with low affinity.
We are now coming up with a much better idea that is humanizing non-human primates mAbs instead of murine mAbs. Due to the close genetic relationship with humans, immunized NHPs have more potential to be isolated with high affinity antibody to human target than other experimental species, such as mouse, rat and rabbit. In addition, with appropriate method, NHP antibodies are much<span> easier to be humanized</span> without any loss of affinity compared to widely used murine antibodies.
Resource: http://www.creative-biolabs.com/High-Affi-TM-Human-Antibody-Discovery.html
<span>How can a mutation in a DNA base sequence cause a change in a trait?</span>
