Typically, ethical attention is focused upon cloning in the context of the genetic copying of a whole organism. While the cloning of non-mammals has occurred in research contexts for many years, the cloning of the first mammal, Dolly the sheep, surprised many in the scientific community. Cloning to birth has come to be called `reproductive cloning`, whereas cloning embryos so that their stem cells may be extracted for possible research or therapeutic use has come to be called `therapeutic cloning`.
