I think c... after the Soviet union exploded their first atomic bomb in 1949 the American public was nervous since they knew what a bomb like that could bring.
Byzantine Emperor Alexius did not have enough power to go against the Seljuk Turks who had settled outside the gates of Byzantium, so he invited Christian rulers in the west to join forces against a common Islamic enemy. So, in addition to that Seljuk Turks were Muslims.
This will prove to be one of the most significant (and by Byzantium as one of the most disastrous) decisions in the history of the Empire, the Christian world and the history of relations between Christians and Muslims.
Roman Pope Urban used this invitation to help end the centuries-old aspirations of Roman Catholic leaders to annex the Byzantine Church to the Roman Catholic subjugation. Therefore, in 1095, at the council in Clermont, he called on the entire Western Christian world to take up arms under the sign of the cross and to embark on a campaign to retake Jerusalem from the hands of the unbelievers. This was followed by an incredible and unexpectedly massive response from warriors from all parts of the western countries from the Mediterranean to the North Sea, and one of the points on their journey was Constantinople.
Explanation:
- The Byzantine emperor Alexius expected help in the form of a smaller number of mercenary units from the west and was completely unprepared for a huge and undisciplined army of armed savages who soon arrived in the Byzantine territories.
- Most of the leaders from the west were Normans, and Emperor Alexius allowed them to pass through Constantinople only on the condition that they swear that all the liberated territories would belong to Byzantium.
- The Norman promises to Byzantium were quickly broken as soon as the first unbelieving territories and cities were conquered, including Antioch, which was adopted as a feud by the Norman Bohemund, son of the famous Norman conqueror Robert, proclaiming himself the Prince of Antioch.
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<u>The Spartans constituted a highly militarized society with a rigid hierarchy and discipline to maintain social order.</u> The organization of the members of society into social groups formed the social order of Sparta, and discipline maintained by force of arms prevented people from attempting to alter this order.
<u>The hilotas</u> were servants belonging to the state. They worked the land they inhabited and had to pay taxes to the state, and they were kept under domination by force and terror.
<u>The periecos</u> were free people who lived in the outskirts of the cities and worked in agriculture, but also worked craft and commercial work, paying taxes to the state.
Above these two social groups, dominating them, were the Spartans or Sparta. They disregarded the crafts and agriculture, and the men devoted themselves entirely to military activities and to state administration. They were the only ones who had the rights of citizenship and had political participation.
1. Fugitive Slave Act, 2. Gold mining, 7. Population growth led to sanitation are the only ones I know, sorry I couldn't help you more<span>
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