A client newly diagnosed with cancer is scheduled to begin chemotherapy treatment and the nurse is providing anticipatory guidance about potential adverse effects. when addressing the most common adverse effect, Nausea and vomiting should the nurse describe.
<h3>What about Nausea and vomiting?</h3>
- Antiemetics and other over-the-counter (OTC) drugs can sometimes be used to treat nausea, vomiting, and upset stomach.
- Pepto-Bismol and Kaopectate, both OTC antiemetic drugs, contain bismuth subsalicylate.
- Although nausea is not a disease in and of itself, it can be a sign of a variety of digestive system conditions, such as: gastroesophageal reflux disease stomach ulcer illness.
- Stomach-related nerve or muscle issues that slow digestion or stomach emptying.
- Adults' nausea and vomiting often last one or two days and are not a symptom of anything dangerous.
- Vomiting is the body's method of removing dangerous items from the stomach, yet it can also be a reaction to something that has irritated the digestive tract.
- Vomiting and nausea are frequently brought on by long-term or chronic stomach conditions.
- Other symptoms like diarrhea, constipation, and stomach pain may accompany these conditions.
- Food intolerances, such as celiac disease, dairy protein intolerance, and lactose intolerance, are among these chronic illnesses.
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For a patient with a new onset of Meniere disease the dietary modification icludes low salt diet and reduction of alcohol and caffeine daily intake.
An idiopathic inner ear ailment called Meniere's disease (MD) is characterised by tinnitus, fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and spontaneous recurrent vertigo. Dietary changes, such as a low-salt diet and a daily intake reduction of alcohol and caffeine, are frequently used as the first line of treatment.
It is thought that a low salt consumption can aid to reduce endolymphatic pressure. Increased water and alcohol consumption enhances hearing and reduces the age at which Meniere's illness first manifests.
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Answer:
The correct answer will be option- B.
Explanation:
Glomerular filtration rate or GFR is the rate of the volume of filtrate formed by all renal corpuscles of both kidneys per unit time that is 120 ml/ min. The GFR depends on the pressure gradient in the glomerulus mainly its hydrostatic pressure.
The GFR is directly proportional to the glomerular blood pressure as the blood pressure increases, the hydrostatic pressure also increases which increases the GFR as more water and solutes enter the bowman's capsule. With the decrease in the blood vessels, the GFR decreases.
Thus, option- B is the correct answer.
In medical sciences, the movement of solid particles (solute) from an area of greater to lesser concentration is called by DIFFUSION.
A random passage of particles always occurs from a place of higher concentration to another of lower concentration. This happens until the distribution of the particles is uniform. From the moment the equilibrium is reached, as exchanges of substances between two media become proportional.
The passage of substances through cell membranes involves several mechanisms, among which we can mention:
✴ Passive transport (no loss of energy)
➡ Osmosis;
➡ Simple diffusion;
➡ Facilitated diffusion.
✴ Active transport (with loss of energy)
➡ Sodium and potassium pump
✴ Endocytosis and exocytosis
➡ Pinocytosis
➡ Phagocytosis
I hope I have helped!
