Eukaryotic transcripts (mRNA) have to undergo capping and splicing before it can be translated.
<h3>RNA processing:</h3>
1. An RNA transcript is first produced in a eukaryotic cell as a pre-mRNA, which needs to be converted into a messenger RNA (mRNA).
2. The RNA transcript is given a 5' cap at the start and a 3' poly-A tail at the end.
3. The process of splicing involves cutting out some RNA transcript segments (introns), then joining the remaining segments (exons) back together.
4. Some genes have the ability to alternate splices, which produces various mature mRNA molecules from the same beginning transcript.
The introns not only do not contain the information necessary to construct a protein, but they also need to be cut off in order for the mRNA to create a protein with the correct sequence. An mRNA with extra "junk" in it will be created if the spliceosome fails to remove an intron, and the translation process will result in the production of the incorrect protein.
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<span>Smell often trigger vivid memory<span>. This is because of the anatomy of the olfactory pathway. The nasal mucosa senses odorant molecules wherein the olfactory nerve will transduce the signal to the olfactory bulb to the olfactory cortex, bypassing the thalamus (unlike other senses) Anatomically and physiologically, the olfactory cortex is closely related to the amygdala which is associated with memory formation.
</span><span><em>Primary example is that a certain smell of a perfume of your ex-lover can trigger vivid memories even if it was many years ago.</em></span></span>
Passive transport vs active transport sounds like what it is. In passive transport, there is no energy needed to get the molecules across the cell membrane, whereas in active transport, energy is expended getting the molecules across the membrane. Basically in active transport the ATP in your cells gives one of it’s phosphates to the transport proteins in your cell membrane and it lets select molecules in. These molecules are moving through a concentration gradient during active transport(with the help of ATP), from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
What are the differences between plant and animal mitosis? The most observable difference is the way in which cytokinesis occurs. In plants a new cell wall is fashioned between the new daughter cells, while in animal cells the cell membrane constricts to pinch the parent cell into daughter cells.
Answer:
Rheumatoid arthritis is a disease that affects the joints and organs of the body, with signs of swellings, and inflammation due to the disability of the immune system causing autoimmune responses.
Explanation:
This disease is usually long-term and cause pain around the joints. Amgen has been useful for the treatment of this disease by hindering the tumor necrosis factor TNF from responding to the body cells.