In natural experiments, the researcher compares groups exposed or not to exogenous agents, but does intervene in group composition or independent variable modification. This is a natural experiment.
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What is a natural experiment?</h3>
There are two types of investigation strategies,
- Manipulative investigation
In a natural experiment the researcher does not intervene in the creation of treatment and control groups.
There is an exogenous agent, such as a natural phenomenon, that influences the study groups and that acts as the treatment.
The researcher takes advantage of these events to use these random groups to compare them in the study.
The researcher chooses exposed groups (experimental groups) that might have been affected by the natural event and other groups that have not been affected (control groups).
In the exposed example,
- Exogenous agent ⇒ Treatment ⇒ pesticide use
- Exposed group ⇒ Experimental group ⇒ birds from nests in pesticide-sprayed fields
- Not exposed groups ⇒ Control groups ⇒ birds from nests in unsprayed fields.
Since the researcher does not voluntarily modify the independent variable to observe a response in the dependent variable, this experiment could not be considered to be manipulative.
This is an example of a natural experiment in which the researcher chooses groups exposed to different conditions to compare them and analyze the effect of the pesticide.
You can learn more about natural experiment at
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