Sleep mode (or suspend to RAM) is a low power mode for electronic devices such as computers, televisions, and remote controlled devices. These modes save significantly on electrical consumption compared to leaving a device fully on and, upon resume, allow the user to avoid having to reissue instructions or to wait for a machine to reboot. Many devices signify this power mode with a pulsed or red colored LED power light
Hibernation Edit
Main article: Hibernation (computing)
Hibernation, also called Suspend to Disk on Linux, saves all computer operational data on the fixed disk before turning the computer off completely. On switching the computer back on, the computer is restored to its state prior to hibernation, with all programs and files open, and unsaved data intact. In contrast with standby mode, hibernation mode saves the computer's state on the hard disk, which requires no power to maintain, whereas standby mode saves the computer's state in RAM, which requires a small amount of power to maintain.
Hybrid sleep Edit
Sleep mode and hibernation can be combined: the contents of RAM are first copied to non-volatile storage like for regular hibernation, but then, instead of powering down, the computer enters sleep mode. This approach combines the benefits of sleep mode and hibernation: The machine can resume instantaneously, but it can also be powered down completely (e.g. due to loss of power) without loss of data, because it is already effectively in a state of hibernation. This mode is called "hybrid sleep" in Microsoft Windows other than Windows XP.
A hybrid mode is supported by some portable Apple Macintosh computers,[1] compatible hardware running Microsoft Windows Vista or newer, as well as Linux distributions running kernel 3.6 or newer.
ACPI Edit
ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) is the current standard for power management, superseding APM (Advanced Power Management) and providing the backbone for sleep and hibernation on modern computers. Sleep mode corresponds to ACPI mode S3. When a non-ACPI device is plugged in, Windows will sometimes disable stand-by functionality for the whole operating system. Without ACPI functionality, as seen on older hardware, sleep mode is usually restricted to turning off the monitor and spinning down the hard drive.
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Answer:
B
Explanation:
When you initialize an instance of FunEvent(tags, year) and assign it to bc. The instance variables in this case are: self.tags = ["g", "ml"] and self.year = 2022. But then you alter tags, which will also change self.tags, since self.tags is a reference to the list you passed in as an argument. This is not the case when you do year=2023 because, first of all, integers are not mutable, and also because even if somehow integers were mutable, you're not changing the object in-place, you're simply changing the where the "variable" is pointing to. So for example if you did tags = ["g", "ml", "bc"] instead of tags.append("bc"), it would also not change the value of the instance variable "tags", because you wouldn't be changing the object in-place. So when you print(bc), the instance variables will be ["g", "ml", "bc"] and 2022. When you try to print an object, it call try to convert it into a string using the __str__ magic method. In this case it will return a string formatted as "Event(tags={self.tags}, year={self.year}) which will output "Event(tags=['g', 'ml', 'bc'], year=2022)" So the correct answer is B
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