Question

PROJECT: ORIGINAL THIRTEEN COLONIES

Answer 1

Answer:

From Dutch to English one of the 13 colonies, New York had been through a lot back in 1662. New York was originally called New Amsterdam when it was founded by Peter Minuit back in 1662. "The New York Colony was originally a Dutch colony called New Amsterdam, founded by Peter Minuit in 1626 on Manhattan Island. In 1664 the Dutch surrendered the colony to the English and it was renamed New York, after the Duke of York.

    Why did the English want New York? The English wanted New York for 2 main reasons. The first is that they wanted to dominate the fur trade and gaining that land would increase profits significantly.  The 2nd reason is to show pure supremacy over the Dutch. Having power gave England more bragging rights.  

   "Natural resources in the New York Colony included agricultural land, coal, furs, forestry (timber), and iron ore." The English wanted to capitalize off of these resources. They shipped them back to England and sold them or used them for certain jobs. This boosted their economy. "Exports from the New York Colony included iron ore as a raw material and as manufactured goods such as tools, plows, nails and kitchen items such as kettles."  

   The colony of  New York was still ruled by one person and he had the final say so but "In 1683, James II guaranteed New York a representative legislature and personal freedoms through the governor's authority. The governors sought advice and assistance from local powerful citizens, became entangled in local party politics, and made political concessions in return for increased revenues as their authority declined." Although the Duke of York was owned New York, "The Duke of York never visited his colony and exercised little direct control of it. He elected to administer his government through governors, councils, and other officers appointed by himself. No provision was made for an elected assembly."

   Although New York had been through a lot and passed down the hands of a few rulers it was still a very successful colony. It did not have great farmland because of the mountainous terrain but the waters were perfect for fishing and that is how they banked.

Work Cited

New York Colony facts. Soft Schools. (n.d.). Retrieved October 8, 2021, from https://www.softschools.com/facts/13_colonies/new_york_colony_facts/2043/.  

Encyclopedia.com. (2021, October 8). ." dictionary of American history. . encyclopedia.com. 22 Sep. 2021. Encyclopedia.com. Retrieved October 8, 2021, from https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/new-york-colony.  

Yost, A. R. (2021, September 19). New York Colony facts. The History Junkie. Retrieved October 8, 2021, from https://thehistoryjunkie.com/new-york-colony-facts/.

Answer 2

Answer:The thirteen colonies started in 1607, before this England tried to do a colony called Jamestown unfortunately it failed to become a colony. Later the king that had tried to start the Jamestown colony died, then in 1607 the new king and queen Elizabeth I decided to try again this time it worked the first colony was called Virginia and was named after Queen Elizabeth I. Virginia was not dominated by a specific religion they welcomed Baptists, Anglicans, and others. The thirteen colonies included Virginia, Delaware, New York, Massachusetts, Maryland, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire, North Carolina, South Carolina, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Georgia.

Before the colonies became states they had a few issues. They had a statement that said “no taxation without representation” this means that they believed that the parliament could not tax them and that only their own government could tax them. After the French and Indian war, the British had a really bad debt from the war and they were already having everyone in England pay enough so they decided that they were going to tax the colonists. The first thing they passed was a law called the Stamp Act. The Stamp Act taxed anything that was printed that included legal documents, bills of sale, calendars, pamphlets, contracts, ships papers, donations, diplomas, certificates (including marriage), Any kind of decelerations, official documents, advertisements in papers, and licenses including liquor. Virginia was involved in fighting against what they saw as British tyranny from the end of the French and Indian War. The Virginia General Assembly fought against the Sugar Act which had been passed in 1764. They argued that it was taxation without representation. In addition, Patrick Henry was a Virginian who used his powers of rhetoric to argue against the Stamp Act of 1765 and legislation was passed opposing the act. A Committee of Correspondence was created in Virginia by key figures including Thomas Jefferson, Richard Henry Lee, and Patrick Henry. This was a method by which the different colonies communicated with each other about the growing anger against the British. Virginia residents who were sent to the First Continental Congress in 1774 included Richard Bland, Benjamin Harrison, Patrick Henry, Richard Henry Lee, Edmund Pendleton, Peyton Randolph, and George Washington. Open resistance started in Virginia the day after Lexington and Concord occurred, on April 20, 1775. Other than the Battle of Great Bridge in December 1775, little fighting happened in Virginia though they sent soldiers to help in the war effort. Virginia was one of the earliest to adopt independence, and its hallowed son, Thomas Jefferson, penned the Declaration of Independence in 1776. Jamestown was originally founded from a desire to gain wealth and to a lesser extent to convert Indigenous locals to Christianity. Jamestown went through several forms of government in its first decades, and by 1624, they used a representative assembly known as the House of Burgesses, the first institutional instance of representative self-government on the North American continent. Threatened by the House of Burgesses, though, James I revoked the charter of the bankrupt Virginia Company in 1624, but his timely death in 1625 ended his plans for disbanding the assembly. The colony's formal name was the Colony and Dominion of Virginia. Leadership of the colony by Thomas Dale and Thomas Gates kept the colony going between 1610 and 1616, and the colony began to grow strong after John Rolfe began his experiments with tobacco, Nicotiana rustica, to make it more palatable to the English taste. When a royal family member of the Powhatan tribe named Pocahontas married John Rolfe in 1614, relations with the Indigenous community eased. That ended when she died in England in 1617. The first enslaved Africans were brought to the colony in 1619.Jamestown had a high mortality rate due to disease, colonial mismanagement, and raids from Indigenous peoples. The presence of women and family units encouraged some growth and stability, but factionalism and fiscal insolvency continued to plague Virginia. In 1622, a Powhatan attack on Virginia killed 350 settlers, plunging the colony into warfare that lasted a decade.

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