The peasant revolt following collectivization of agricultural lands was an anti-communist uprising supported by Western democracies that feared collectivization would push the Soviets ahead of them. The holomodor involved deliberate starvation of masses in Ukraine to push them into communism submission.
For his own sake, no. What he did blatantly put himself in danger and finally was placed under interrogation, etc & so forth.
For the sake of science, yes. What he did, and the consequences thereof, would have publicised his struggle, especially during the age of Enlightenment. Although what he did might also have momentarily pushed people away from science in fear of the consequences of facing the church due to the harsh punishment that he was subjected to. His persistence was, in the end only healthy for the development of science in later years.
If I'm remembering correctly, the Protestant Reformation was a direct challenge to the Catholic church during the Renaissance. The Renaissance spirit of questioning authority (A) WAS a cause. During this time period, the Renaissance, people were beginning to think for themselves about the traditions they had followed for centuries--including the Catholic church.
The sale of indulgences (B) was also a cause: people were unhappy that the Catholic church was making money by selling forgiveness of your sins. That's just not right! It drove many people away from Catholicism.
I believe the Council of Trent (C) was a RESPONSE to the Protestant Reformation, where Catholicism was looked at a little more closely. The council was very much against the Protestant Reformation. This option is an effect, not a cause.
Answer: C
