Where air pollution is not especially severe, predators have much more impact on leaf-beetle populations than parasites do
Answer:
It is used by every living cell
Explanation:
A. To solve problems... I think let me know if it helps
In biology, the biotic factors pertain to the living components of Earth while the abiotic factors are those non-living chemicals and physical factors. The only choice that is not an interaction between biotic and abiotic factors is the third choice, "C. male elk fighting over a female".
No muscle contraction will be observed.
<h3>What is the effect of calcium concentration on muscle contraction?</h3>
The concentration of calcium ions in the muscle cells help in contraction and relaxation of muscles fibers.
Release of calcium ions initiate muscle contraction.
Therefore, there will be no contraction of muscle if calcium ions are not transported out from the sarcoplasm.
Learn more about muscle contraction and calcium ions at: brainly.com/question/14760686
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