A Gram- negative bacteria has a thin cell wall of Peptidoglycan which is sandwiched between the cell membrane and outer membrane. Where as, the Gram positive bacteria has a thick layer of Peptidoglycan outside their cell membrane.
Hence Gram- negative bacteria is different from a Gram- negative bacteria in because it has an extra layer that is outside the Peptidoglycan layer.
Hence the right option is D
This feature of the Gram-negative bacteria does not let crystal violet solution to soak into its Peptidoglycan layer because it is covered by the extra layer where as an Gram- positive bacteria will easy soak into crystal violet solution due to the exposed Peptidoglycan layer.
Echinoderms, they are among the most common invertebrate animals in the marine environment of virtually any part of the world, among them we can find species such as sea cucumber , salmon and cod fish, they have chamois cloth like outer layer, then we have the Crinoids, another example of marine species with feather, popularly they are called sea lilies and feathery stars, they have a solid calcite skeleton; they were so abundant in the paleozoic seas that their remains formed large limestone thicknesses.
Answer:
e. All of the above are correct.
Explanation:
Active transport is a type of transport in living systems in which molecules/ions/substances are moved or transported against their concentration gradient i.e. from a region where the substance is LOW to a region which it is HIGH, across a membrane. Since molecules are transported across a memembrane against their concentration gradient, an energy input in form of ATP is needed to do so.
Active transport is used in living systems to transport out secretory products and waste material against concentration gradients, take up nutrients from the environment against concentrations gradients etc. Since ions are substance moved by active transport from a low region to high region, there is an imbalance in the intracellular concentration of ions, such as Na, K etc.
Since there is no equilibrium in the concentration of ions on opposite sides of the membrane, an electric potential is formed across the membrane i.e. one part of the membrane will be more positively charged than the other.
Answer:
The affect of germination on the rate of cell respiration in peas is that in peas that are germinated, the rate of cell respiration is higher because the cells are growing/going through mitosis which requires energy/ATP in order to be carried out which is generated through the process of cellular respiration.
