The Hippocratic oath is an oath historically taken by physicians. It is one of the most widely known of Greek medical texts. In its original form , it requires a new physician to swear , by a number of healing Gods , to uphold specific ethical standards
What do you mean by this?
I would say all of the above except the last option. "Dirty conditions led to disease "
That depends what you mean by early, do you mean the civilizations of Egypt or Mesopotamia or Israel.
one of the defining characteristic of the modern era is the cell phone