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FinnZ [79.3K]
2 years ago
14

Pls help me!!

Biology
1 answer:
klio [65]2 years ago
4 0

Answer:

In explanation.

Explanation:

What is a punnett square used for?

It is a way to store data and keep track of things. It helps to predict the variations and probabilities that can come from cross breeding.

What do the probabilities of the possible offspring all add up to?

All can have 100%, 75%, 50%, or 25% depending on the specific trait.

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What are the mechanisms by which aneuploidy and polyploidy are caused? What are the mechanisms by which aneuploidy and polyploid
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The correct answer is:

The principal cause of aneuploidy is chromosome nondisjunction during mitosis or meiosis. Polyploidy in nature can result either from the duplication of euploid chromosome sets from a single species or from the combining of chromosome sets from different species.  

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Polyploidy refers to a state when there are more than two sets of chromosomes (one from mother one from father). Triploid (three sets of chromosomes) and tetraploid (four sets of chromosomes) chromosomes are examples of polyploidy. This phenomenon is most common in plants.

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Increase the points, answers will pour in

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Which answer best defines what the Lotka-Volterra predator-prey model mathematically describes?-The competition among many preda
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Answer:

The simultaneous effect of a predator population on a prey population and a prey population on a predator population over time.

Explanation:  

The mathematical models of Lotka-Volterra equations explain the existing interaction between species in which prey and predator influence and affect each other. The model follows a few assumptions,    

  • The ecosystem is isolated and closed. There is no migration.
  • The whole individuals are reproductively equivalent.
  • In the absence of the predator, prey shows an exponential growth rate. The prey is in the ideal environment.  
  • When there is no prey, the predator population decreases exponentially because of the lack of food. The predator environment is ideal, but it is limited by prey density.  
  • The predation rate is proportional to the encounters rate, which also depends on density.  
  • The predators affect the prey populations, inducing its decrease proportionally to the number of prey and predators present.  
  • The prey population also influences the predator population proportionally to the number of encounters between the two species.  

In these equations, the variable D is the number of predators, and P the number of prey items.

The parameters are always constant:  

• r1: prey growth rate.  

• a1: predator hunting success.  

• r2: predator growth rate.  

• a2: the success of the predator in hunting and feeding.

In nature, many factors affect interactions, such as dense-dependent factors and dense-independent factors. Also, in reality, there are stochastic factors. Stochasticity refers to the variability in the system involving those factors that are affecting or influencing population growth. Stochasticity might be related to good years and bad years for population growth.

In real situations, the compliance of the whole assumption does not occur. The previously mentioned constants might vary, constantly changing the interaction between the predator and the prey. These parameters change in different degrees, resulting in varying circumstances for both species.

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