Answer:
d. shaping
Explanation:
According to my research on various behavioral techniques, I can say that based on the information provided within the question the reinforcement technique being used by Tamika's father is called Shaping. This is a procedure that involves reinforcing behaviors that are closer to the target behavior, like in this case her father praises her every step closer she gets until she finally learned how to tie her shoes.
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Salt in the ocean comes from rocks on the land ...the rain that falls on the land contains some dissolved carbon dioxide from the surrounding air
I believe the answer is: universal principles
Universal principles refers to a set of principles that would mostly applicable to the majority of human being regardless of their background and environment.
Example of ethical decision based on universal principles would be not causing any physical harm to people unless you are in a self defense sitaution. This can be created because most people universally would not like being physically hurt.
Answer:
the Appalachian Mountains
Explanation:
The dark age also had the black pleague. That is most likely what cut them out.