Vulnerability
NIST defines vulnerability as a flaw that can be accidentally or intentionally exploited to cause a security breach. In addition to patching delays, other vulnerabilities include improperly installed hardware, untested software, and insufficient physical security. A control system or procedure is one that is put in place to mitigate a risk. Policies or network monitoring to detect unauthorised software are examples of control. The likelihood and impact of a threat actor exploiting a vulnerability is defined as risk. A threat is the possibility that a threat agent will exploit a vulnerability.
What is NIST ?
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is a non-regulatory agency of the United States Department of Commerce and a physical sciences laboratory. Its mission is to promote American industrial competitiveness and innovation. Nanoscale science and technology, engineering, information technology, neutron research, material measurement, and physical measurement are all part of NIST's laboratory programmes. The agency was known as the National Bureau of Standards from 1901 to 1988.
NIST is headquartered in Gaithersburg, Maryland, and has a facility in Boulder, Colorado, which President Eisenhower dedicated in 1954. NIST's activities are divided into two categories: laboratory programmes and extramural programmes. NIST was realigned on October 1, 2010, by reducing the number of NIST laboratory units from ten to six.
NIST Laboratories include :
- Communications Technology Laboratory (CTL)
- Engineering Laboratory (EL)
- Information Technology Laboratory (ITL)
- Center for Neutron Research (NCNR)
- Material Measurement Laboratory (MML)
- Physical Measurement Laboratory (PML)
NIST's Boulder laboratories are best known for housing an atomic clock, NISTF1. NISTF1 is the official time source for the United States. NIST broadcasts time signals via longwave radio station WWVB near Fort Collins, Colorado, and shortwave radio stations WWV and WWVH near Fort Collins and Kekaha, Hawaii, respectively, based on its measurement of the natural resonance frequency of cesium, which defines the second.
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