Answer:
A group of bacteria that accumulate in layers and secrete a protective extracellular material. (Option A)
Explanation:
Biofilm is defined as one or more types of microorganisms collectively grow in different places. Organisms that form the biofilm include protests, fungi, and bacteria.
Dental plaque is an example of a biofilm. It is a known buildup of slimy bacteria that forms on the teeth surface. Biofilm can grow on different surfaces such as animal tissues, plant tissues, minerals, metal, etc.
When a somatic cell is mutated, none of the other cells in the organism mutate with it. Screenings usually detect mutations that are in numerous cells and not in just one. That is why a mutation in a somatic cell of a multicellular organism escape detection.
<h3>What are mutations?</h3>
A mutation in biology is an adjustment to the nucleic acid sequence of an organism's, virus's, or extrachromosomal DNA. DNA or RNA can be found in the viral genome. Errors in DNA replication, viral replication, mitosis, meiosis, or other types of DNA damage (such as pyrimidine dimers from exposure to ultraviolet radiation) can result in mutations.
These errors can then lead to error-prone repairs, particularly microhomology-mediated end joining, error-causing repairs, or errors during replication. Due to mobile genetic elements, mutations can also result from the insertion or deletion of DNA segment.
To learn more about mutations with the help of given link:
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Energy from the sun heat and chemicals
Answer:
B) In anabolism, larger molecules are made from smaller molecules.
Explanation:
Anabolism is a metabolic process that uses up energy that is produced to build up complex and larger molecules from smaller ones. It is part of the chemical process that takes place in a cell.
For example, photosynthesis is an anabolic process, in which the cell forms larger molecules such as glucose from smaller molecules like water and carbon dioxide, with the use of solar energy.
Option B is true regarding anabolism.
An action potential involves the transfer SODIUM and POTASSIUM ions across an axon's membrane.
During depolarization, when the ion channels open, they allow the influx of sodium ions into the cell, thus changing the electro-chemical gradient of the cell, in order to counter balance this, potassium ions will be allowed to flow out of the cell.<span />
