What does the article suggest about the use of punishment in learning under stressful situation? A) punishments are more easily
remembered than rewarding consequences when under stress. B) rewarding behaviors, even under stress, is not as effective as punishments are. C) punishing behaviors is more effective than reinforcement when learning while under stress D) punishing behaviors is less effective and results in less accurate learning than reinforcement
According to the article, punishing behaviors is less effective and results in less accurate learning than reinforcement, as shown in option D.
We can arrive at this answer because:
Thorndike proved that punishing behavior in situations of stress is less effective in learning.
He proved this by watching cats trying to escape puzzle boxes.
When they became stressed, the cats screamed, bit, scratched and were punished without getting out of the box.
This added to the stress and made them take even longer to escape.
However, as they began to think about how they could get out of the box, the cats were receiving positive rewards and reinforcement, which was gratifying and encouraged them to find their way out.
In this case, Thorndike realized that punishment was not very effective in a stressful situation, at least when compared to reinforcement.
More information about reinforcement and punishments at the link:
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