Answer:
Molecular genetic approaches to the study of plant metabolism can be traced back to the isolation of the first cDNA encoding a plant enzyme (Bedbrook et al., 1980), the use of the Agrobacterium Ti plasmid to introduce foreign DNA into plant cells (Hernalsteens et al., 1980) and the establishment of routine plant transformation systems (Bevan, 1984; Horsch et al., 1985). It became possible to express foreign genes in plants and potentially to overexpress plant genes using cDNAs linked to strong promoters, with the aim of modifying metabolism. However, the discovery of the antisense phenomenon of plant gene silencing (van der Krol et al., 1988; Smith et al., 1988), and subsequently co‐suppression (Napoli et al., 1990; van der Krol et al., 1990), provided the most powerful and widely‐used methods for investigating the roles of specific enzymes in metabolism and plant growth. The antisense or co‐supression of gene expression, collectively known as post‐transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS), has been particularly versatile and powerful in studies of plant metabolism. With such molecular tools in place, plant metabolism became accessible to investigation and manipulation through genetic modification and dramatic progress was made in subsequent years (Stitt and Sonnewald, 1995; Herbers and Sonnewald, 1996), particularly in studies of solanaceous species (Frommer and Sonnewald, 1995).
Once food is in the small intestine, it stimulates the pancreas to release fluid containing a high concentration of bicarbonate. This fluid neutralizes the highly acidic gastric juice, which would otherwise damage the membrane lining of the intestine, resulting in a duodenal ulcer.
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Answer:
Night
Explanation:
Usually, a microfilariae blood test is conducted at night to coincide with the appearance of microfilariae.
The limitations of population dynamics simulation in predicting the changes that may occur due to climate change is that arctic seals can adapt to these climatic conditions or migrate.
<h3>What is population dynamics?</h3>
Population dynamics is the part of ecology that studies the variations in the occurrence of individuals of the same species (population) and seeks to define the cause of these variations.
Example: with the hunting of alligators, there is an increase in the population of piranhas, thus resulting in a variation of occurrence.
With this information, we can conclude that the limitations of population dynamics simulation in predicting the changes that may occur due to climate change is that arctic seals can adapt to these climatic conditions or migrate.
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