Question

Explain the main functions of the CPU.

Answer 1

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Central Processing Unit is 'the brain of the computer' and takes all the major decisions in a computer system. CPU consists of three main components. The functions of these components are as follows:

• Arithmetic and Logic Unit(ALU) — All the arithmetical and logical operations are performed through this unit. An arithmetical operation includes addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and logical operations include all types of comparisons.

• Control Unit — This unit controls each and every part of the computer system along with the peripherals. It retrieves data and instructions from the memory and sends the commands to various parts of the computer system.

• Memory Unit — This unit provides space for storing data, instructions, intermediate results and final results.

Answer 2

The CPU performs basic arithmetic, logic, controlling, and input/output (I/O) operations specified by the instructions in the program. This contrasts with external components such as main memory and I/O circuitry, and specialized processors such as graphics processing units (GPUs).