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m_a_m_a [10]
2 years ago
15

What is the role of cyclin and CDK in the cell cycle? *

Biology
1 answer:
inessss [21]2 years ago
5 0

Answer:

They perform checkpoints and regulate/control the cell cycle.

Explanation:

Cyclin/CDK complexes are known to regulate both mitotic and meiotic cell cycles. Some processes are shared by both forms of cell division, however the process known as meiosis differs in terms of its features and needs. Following two rounds of cell division in succession, meiosis is characterized by the replication of DNA.

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A mating between a male donkey (2n = 62) and a female horse (2n = 64) produces sterile mules. why are mules sterile?
kirza4 [7]

The horse and donkey, though closely related by sharing a common ancestor, are different species. They have different number of chromosomes hence pairing of homologous chromosomes during fusion of gametes becomes complicated. The mule will have an extra chromosome from the horse hence will have abnormalities such as sterility. A Mule is unable to reproduce due to this same phenomenon. Homologous chromosomes are not well paired for meiosis I.






6 0
3 years ago
Which part of the cell does this illustration represent?
Lisa [10]

Mitochondria or golgi

4 0
3 years ago
Four differences between Arteries and Veins
Mademuasel [1]

Answer:

Veins

1l carry blood from tissue of the body to the heart

2) are usually found closer beneath the skin

3) are less muscular then arteries

4) collapse if blood flow stops

arteries

1) carry blood back away from the heart to the tissue of the body.

2) found deeper within the body

3) are more muscular then veins

4) would generally remain open even if blood stops because of it's muscular structure.

4 0
2 years ago
Drag the words to complete the sentences.
lina2011 [118]

The Replication process in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is quite similar. Almost the same enzymes are involved. 1)eukaryotic, 2)multiple, 3)circular.

<h3>What is the prokaryotic DNA replication process?</h3>

In prokaryotic cells,  DNA Replication consists of the unwinding and opening of the double-stranded DNA molecule, a process that starts at the replication origin.

The process is completed in three stages,

⇒ Initiation, in which helicase and topoisomerase are the first enzymes involved.

Helicase works in the replication origin.

  • It separates the DNA into two strands allowing the replication fork to advance by unwinding the DNA.
  • It breaks hydrogen bonds between nitrogenated bases pairs.

Topoisomerase impedes the DNA double helix near the replication forks to get too coiled when the DNA is opening.

⇒ Elongation, in which DNA polymerase I and III, primase, and ligase act,

Polymerase I and III are responsible for DNA elongation.

  • They are in charge of adding nucleotides to the growing chain, from 3' to 5' extremes.
  • It includes only nucleotides that complement the original strand.
  • They need to recognize a primer to begin.
  • The new chain grows in 5’-3’ direction

Primase is in charge of synthesizing primers.

DNA polymerase I eliminate ARN primers and substitute them with DNA.

DNA ligase seals the gaps that remain after replacing the primers.

⇒ Mistakes correction

Endonuclease cuts the wrong segment

Polymerase I and III are in charge of correcting errors and filling empty spaces.

Ligase seals the corrected extremes.

The prokaryotic replication result is two DNA molecules, each of them carrying an old strand and a new strand.

<h3>What is the eukaryotic DNA replication process?</h3>

Eukaryotic DNA replication is the process through which DNI molecule duplicates. This event takes place during the S stage of the interphase. So when the cell divides during mitosis or meiosis, each cell will get a complete set of chromosomes.

DNI replication is semi-conservative because each new molecule carries an original DNI strand and a new one. The fact that the new molecule is composed of an original strand makes it semi-conservative. The old existing strands are used to synthesize the new complementary strand.

The main difference concerning the prokaryotic replication process is that in eukaryotic cells there are

  • 5 different polymerase enzymes
  • several replication origins per chromosome
  • involves histones

The origin of the replication requires

  • The helicase enzyme breaks hydrogen bonds and separates the two original strands.
  • The topoisomerase enzyme is necessary to release tension.
  • Other proteins are also needed to join the strains and keep them separated.

Once the molecule is opened, there is a region named replication forks.

  • DNA polymerase makes the new nucleotides enter the fork and pairs them with the corresponding nucleotide of the original strand. Adenine pairs thymine, and cytosine pairs guanine.

DNA strands are antiparallel, and replication occurs only in 5'-3'direction. So one of the strands will replicate continuously, while the other strain will be formed by short fragments known as Okazaki fragments.

Primers are needed to make the DNA polymerase work. Primers are small units of RNA and are placed at the beginning of each new fragment. These are later eliminated by Polymerase.

Ligase seals the gaps.

<u>Complete sentenses</u>

Before a cell divides, its DNA must be replicated without errors so that the genetic codes for proteins are expressed properly. In<u> </u><u>eukaryotic</u><u> </u>cells, which have linear chromosomes, replication occurs in<u> </u><u> multiple  </u>locations and ends when all the chromosomes are copied. In prokaryotic cells, which have<u>  </u><u>circular  </u>DNA, replication starts in only a single location and proceeds until the entire chromosome is copied.

You can learn more about replication process in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells at

brainly.com/question/21675925

brainly.com/question/12250616

brainly.com/question/13762319

brainly.com/question/13064177

4 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
It is estimated that animal- or insect-pollinated plants produce 1000 pollen grains for each ovule; wind-pollinated plants produ
Ede4ka [16]

Explanation:

The plants which use animal or insects as pollination vector produce less pollen compared to the wind-pollinated plants.

This could be due to the reason that the chances of pollination by wind are less than the pollination by the animal or vectors.

The chances of pollination in animal pollination are high as the animals to feed on the useful product of plant will go to the other plants but in wind pollination, the chances are less as it depends on the speed and direction of the wind.

Thus, wind-pollinated plants produce high number of pollens.

6 0
3 years ago
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