-improved medicine and sanitation
-an increase in food production
Traders, Spread by Muslim traders and scholars
Culture: Christianity in Africa. Towns become sophisticated.
Society: more women than men because men 14 - 35 were the most profitable slaves. Women had to do men's jobs. Polygamy. Life got more dangerous because of guns.
:)
NOT THE CORRECT ANSWER IS (A) so my next best guess is (C)