Enzymes can be denatured by irregular PH. Meaning that they can change shape. Enzymes rely on their shape in order to function so if their shapes change because of the PH then the active sites don't fit anymore and they enzymes wont work.
<span>(According to Reference)
Whereas an onion epidermal cell has a cell wall, a human cheek cell does not. Instead, a semi-permeable membrane surrounds the cytoplasm of the cheek cell. While there are chloroplasts present in onion cells, they are absent in cheek cells. </span>
Answer:
increase anxiety; decreased vulnerability to overreact to stress
Explanation:
Serotonin (5-HT) is a natural neurotransmitter that carries signals between nerve cells (neurons) throughout the body. This neurotransmitter (serotonin) is responsible for regulating many biological functions (e.g., mood, digestion, sleep, etc). Moreover, it has been shown that there is an association between low cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindole-acetic acid (5-HIAA, the principal serotonin metabolite in the brain) levels and the risk of developing depression or destructive behaviors. In addition, serotonin concentration can also be elevated in situations of anxiety and/or stress. Antidepressants such as Prozac, Zoloft and Paxil act as serotonin uptake inhibitors that increase serotonin concentration at the synaptic site. Like other drugs, these antidepressants may lead to increase anxiety and decrease the vulnerability to react to stress by downregulating sensitivity to serotonin released during natural stress situations.
