Answer:
A mutation is a change that occurs in our DNA sequence, either due to mistakes when the DNA is copied or as the result of environmental factors such as UV light and cigarette smoke. Mutations can occur during DNA replication if errors are made and not corrected in time. Mutations can also occur as the result of exposure to environmental factors such as smoking, sunlight and radiation. Often cells can recognize any potentially mutation-causing damage and repair it before it becomes a fixed mutation.
Mutations contribute to genetic variation within species. Mutations can also be inherited, particularly if they have a positive effect. For example, the disorder sickle cell anaemia is caused by a mutation in the gene that instructs the building of a protein called hemoglobin. This causes the red blood cells to become an abnormal, rigid, sickle shape. However, in African populations, having this mutation also protects against malaria.
However, mutation can also disrupt normal gene activity and cause diseases, like cancer. Cancer is the most common human genetic disease; it is caused by mutations occurring in a number of growth-controlling genes. Sometimes faulty, cancer-causing genes can exist from birth, increasing a person’s chance of getting cancer.
Answer:
A. pH relates to relative acid-base ion balance in a solution
Explanation:
PS. The ocean is slightly alkaline ;)
Answer:
In biology, evolution is the change in the characteristics of a species over several generations and relies on the process of natural selection. The theory of evolution is based on the idea that all species? are related and gradually change over time.
Explanation:
Answer:
D. 1/64
Explanation:
The desired genotype for the progeny = aabbcc (homozygous recessive for all the three loci). The probability of getting a progeny with a homozygous recessive genotype can be calculated during the product rule.
The parent genotypes= AaBbCc x AaBbCc
Aa x Aa = 1/4 AA: 1/2 Aa: 1/4 aa
Bb x Bb = 1/4 BB: 1/2 Bb: 1/4 bb
Cc x Cc = 1/4 CC: 1/2 Cc: 1/4 cc
Therefore, the probability of getting a progeny which is homozygous recessive for all the three traits (aabbcc)= 1/4 aa x 1/4 bb x 1/4 cc = 1/64
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