They mostly developed because men did most of the work. Agrarian societies required hard work and toiling out in the field while pastoralism required people to take care of numerous animals at once and these animals often needed human strength and speed. Thanks to this, men were the ones who did those jobs and since they were valued more than taking care of the household, gender inequality originated.
They are required to have legally acquired evidence
They are required to have a warrant of arrest
I am unsure of the third. However, it could be that a witness (aside from the victim and/or officer) was present.
D- arts, audio/video technology and communication