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<span>River valley is what they all have in common</span>
Right to privacy
The landmark case regarding establishment of a right to privacy was Griswold v. Connecticut (1965). A law in the state of Connecticut, dating back to 1873, had prohibited the use of "any drug, medicinal article or instrument for the purpose of preventing conception." The <span> Planned Parenthood League of Connecticut (PPLC) challenged the law. Estelle Griswold was Executive Director of PPLC at the time. By a 7-2 decision, the Supreme Court determined that the Connecticut law was unconstitutional, in violation of the 14th Amendment. The court was interpreting the 14th Amendment as a right to be protected against government intrusion of a person's private life.</span>
Marbury V Madison was one of the most influential court cases in history because it gave the Supreme Court the power of Judicial Review. At the end of John Adams presidency, before Jefferson could take office, he was a lame duck, but he still had power. Adams appoints Marbury an official of Justice of the Peace, but when Jefferson starts his presidency, Marbury goes to Madison (the Secretary of State) and asks for his commision, or when he can do his job. Madison refuses, and Marbury does what any sensible person would do, he goes to the Supreme Court and asks for a Writ of Mandamus, which would force Madison to give Marbury his job. John Marshall, the Supreme Court judge in charge of the case end up not giving Marbury the Writ of Mandamus because he stated that the Judiciary Act of 1789 that declared that the federal courts could issue a Writ of Mandamus was unconstitutional. This established that the Supreme Court, under the Supremacy Clause and Article III of the US Constitution, could review legislative and executive acts and declare them unconstitutional.
