Answer:

Explanation:
thickness of aerosol layer is 2.5 km
zenith angle is 40 degree
we know that

where

is extinction coefficient
extiction cross section
N = Concentration





transimiitance 


Conflict and ethnic persecution forced refugees from the
Balkans to flee their homelands. This is due to the forced migration and ethnic
cleansing in Europe during the 20th century. The Balkans were
affected by discrimination and persecution, and during the Balkan Wars,
thousands of them left their homelands just because they were members of
religious minorities.